Многоликая коррупция. Выявление уязвимых мест на уровне секторов экономики и государственного управления - Санджай Прадхана

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Коррупция – общемировое бедствие, которое поражает как развитые, так и развивающиеся страны, и для ее обуздания необходимы постоянные усилия со стороны многих институтов и структур общества. Наиболее пагубное влияние коррупция оказывает на те низкоэффективные системы, которые хуже других способны предотвращать, выявлять и пресекать ее негативное воздействие (Transparency International, 2006). По оценкам Африканского Союза, примерно четверть ВВП Африки (или $148 млрд) «ежегодно теряется в результате коррупции» (Thachuk, 2005, р. 149). В одной только Кении, по данным международных доноров, с 2002 г. в результате коррупции был расхищен почти $1 млрд. Как сообщает Азиатский банк развития (ADB, 1998), на Филиппинах ущерб от коррупции за 20 лет составил порядка $48 млрд. А в Латинской Америке, по оценкам Межамериканского банка развития, в результате коррупции ежегодно утрачивается в среднем около 10 % ВВП (Mora, 2004).